Propagated by cuttings. Direct seeding not recommended due to severe seed predation. Plant at 100-150 trees/ha. Seedlings need shade until 1.5 m height then gradually introduce to more sunlight. Require full sunlight when they reach 3-4 m height. Beneficial mycorrhizal association which can be established with forest soils to help promote growth, and increase tolerance to drought, high soil temperatures, soil toxicity (organic and inorganic), and extremely low soil pH. Grows best on deep loamy soils with a mean annual rainfall of 3300 mm and no dry season. Tree growth is moderately fast and trees reach 40-50 m in 50 years. Natural regeneration in the forest is robust but enrichment planting may be necessary. Resin can be harvested starting at 15-50 years and continue for 30 years. Tree rotation is approximately 50 years due to reduced photosynthetic and metabolic capacity if regular tapped by this age. Tree density of 100 trees/ha has an estimated resin production of 48 t/ ha per year.