Tree Species (Scientific Name)
Acacia mangium
Livestock Forage
Fuelwood
Lumber
Ornamental
English Common Name
Brown salwood
Indonesian Common Name
Akasia, Tongke Hutan
Tree Family
Fabaceae
Average Leaf Size (cm)
25cm
Length
×
6.75cm
Width
Tree Height
Medium (20–35m)
Elevational Range (m)
0–800m
0 3000
Distribution
Native
Exotic
Native to Indonesia

Native to

Region
Asia, Oceania
Papua New Guinea
Indonesia
Maluku Islands, New Guinea, Sumatra

Exotic in

SE Asia
Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam
Indonesia
Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands

Coffee Agroforestry Information

Coffee System
Robusta
Arabica
Coffee Impact
Beneficial to coffee
Prevalence
Common in Coffee Agroforestry
Cultivation
Planted
Regeneration
Regenerates Naturally
Tree Management

Propagated by seed (direct sowing or nursery), air layering, cuttings, grafting and tissue culture. Regenerates naturally in clear-cut and burned areas. Plant at spacing of 2 m x 2m to 2.5 m x 2.5 m. Prune twice to a height of 6 m and prune persistent branches if objective is to produce quality timber. Pruning branches with a diameter of >2 cm makes the tree susceptible to infections (especially heart rot). Thinning for pulpwood production is aimed at achieving a final stock of 600-700 stems/ha from the 1250 trees/ha planted and is done after 18 months. Grows rapidly (~3 m in first year), but growth declines rapidly after 7 or 8 years. Requires high amounts of water and nutrition resources. Has allelopathic effects which may negatively impact coffee growth. Highly invasive outside native range.

Tree Benefits and Uses

Farmer Uses
  • Livestock Forage
  • Fuelwood
  • Lumber
  • Ornamental

Wood is used for construction, boat building, furniture and cabinet-making, veneer, and particle board. The pulp is readily bleached to high brightness levels and is excellent for paper making. This species is used for soil improvement, as a firebreak, and the leaves may serve as forage for cattle.

Farm Services
  • Windbreak
  • Soil Improvement
  • Erosion Control
  • Nitrogen Fixation
Biodiversity Benefits
Unknown